There is a growing concern that flawed statistics and deficient reproducibility in biomedical studies results in an unethical waste of animals in research. This review by Romain-Daniel Gosselin aims to provide guidelines in biostatistics for researchers, based on frequently observed mistakes, misuses and misconceptions as well as on the specificities of animal experimentation. Twelve recommendations are formulated that cover sampling, sample size optimisation, choice of statistical tests, understanding p-values and reporting results. The objective of this article is to highlight important statistical issues that scientists should consider for the correct design, execution and reporting of animal experiments.
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